What Is Acrylic Yarn? Characteristics, Uses & Why It's Called Synthetic Wool
Sullivans International
•4 min read
Acrylic yarn is a synthetic fiber yarn made from polyacrylonitrile (PAN). It mimics wool in softness and warmth while offering better elasticity than wool and the best lightfastness among synthetic fibers. It is widely used in knitwear, blankets, sportswear, and home textiles.
In this guide, we explain what acrylic yarn is, its key characteristics, and typical uses.
Acrylic yarn is yarn spun from acrylic fiber (polyacrylonitrile). Acrylic fiber is produced by polymerization, spinning, drawing, and heat-setting; the finished fiber is often crimped and cut into staple for spinning. Acrylic is sometimes called "synthetic wool" because it is fluffy, soft, and warm—with warmth retention about 15% higher than wool—and is commonly blended with wool for civilian applications.
Acrylic yarn is used in a wide range of civilian and home applications:
| Use | Notes |
|---|---|
| Sweaters & knitwear | Soft, warm, often blended with wool |
| Blankets & throws | Good bulk and warmth retention |
| Sportswear & casual knit | Easy care, colorfast |
| Curtains & tarpaulins | Excellent lightfastness |
| Artificial fur & plush | Bulky, soft hand |
| Socks, hats, scarves | Affordable, durable |
Conventional bulked acrylic yarns (e.g. 820, 826, 832, 842) are common. Solid acrylic yarn (non-bulked) is also available and behaves differently in fabric density and drape.
Acrylic yarn is a versatile synthetic with wool-like warmth and softness, strong lightfastness, and good elasticity. It suits sweaters, blankets, sportswear, and home textiles. Choice depends on project type, care requirements, and whether you prefer natural or synthetic fibers.
Acrylic yarn is made from polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fiber. The fiber is produced by chemical polymerization, then spun into staple and yarn; it is often crimped to add bulk and softness.
Acrylic has roughly 15% higher warmth retention than wool and is often used as a wool substitute or in blends for sweaters and blankets.
Yes. Acrylic is generally machine washable and easy to care for; check the ball band for temperature and drying instructions.
Bulked acrylic yarn uses the fiber's thermal elasticity to create a fluffy, soft yarn. Conventional types include 820, 826, 832, and 842; they differ from solid (non-bulked) acrylic in hand and loft.
This article is part of our yarn knowledge series, offering practical insights into yarn types, fiber properties, and applications for knitters and crocheters.